James Hyman (Psychology) is the co-author—along with Clay Holroyd of the University of Victoria in Canada and Jeremy Seamans of the University of British Columbia in Canada—of an article, that was published this week in Neuron. When unexpected events occur, a feedback-related negativity (FN) is evoked over the human anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Using an analogous task, the authors show how ACC neurons may generate the FN as they shift from encoding expected to actual outcomes on incongruent trials.